高中2019屆英語語法專題講義 冠詞
（三）謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態。動詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。謂語的構成如下： 1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構成。如：he practices running every morning. 2、復合謂語：（1）由情態動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構成。如：you may keep the book for two weeks. he has caught a bad cold. （2）由系動詞加表語構成。如：we are students.（四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態，它一般位于系動詞（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如： our teacher of english is an american.（名詞） is it yours?（代詞） the weather has turned cold.（形容詞） the speech is exciting.（分詞） three times seven is twenty one?（數詞） his job is to teach english.（不定式） his hobby（愛好）is playing football.（動名詞） the machine must be out of order.（介詞短語） time is up. the class is over.（副詞） the truth is that he has never been abroad.（表語從句）（五）賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。例如： they went to see an exhibition（展覽）yesterday.（名詞） the heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代詞） how many dictionaries do you have? i have five.（數詞） they helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名詞化形容詞） he pretended not to see me.（不定式短語） i enjoy listening to popular music.（動名詞短語） i think（that）he is fit for his office.（賓語從句） 賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語），例如：lend me your dictionary, please.（2）復合賓語（賓語+賓補），例如：they elected him their monitor.（六）賓語補足語：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語以外，還要有一個賓語補語，才能使句子的意義完整。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等+賓語+賓補）。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當。例如：共178頁，當前第97頁123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178