2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品學(xué)案――重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)辨析900例
permit：允許，許可。通常指正式的許可。例如：
例29：he declared that he would permit me to do so.
allow 和 permit 的含義雖然有所差別，但實(shí)際運(yùn)用中兩者常通用。
let：允許，讓。其后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)應(yīng)是不帶to的不定式。一般不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：
例30：don’t let this happen again.
例31：this is not allowed to happen again. （不說(shuō)：this is not let to happen again.）
promise：答應(yīng)，允諾。用于主動(dòng)答應(yīng)自己要做什么的場(chǎng)合。例如：
例32：they promised an immediate reply.
例33：he promised to start at once.
例34：i promised him to see to the matter right away.
(我答應(yīng)他馬上處理這件事。不定式to see to 是主語(yǔ)i發(fā)出的。)
6.announce / declare
announce：宣布，宣告。常指首次公開(kāi)或正式宣布人們關(guān)心的某件事情。例如：
例35：the government announced that the danger was past.
例36：it was announced that the national science conference would soon be held in beijing.
另外，要表達(dá)“向某人宣布某事”，應(yīng)用announce to sb sth。后接to sb的動(dòng)詞還有say，explain等。例如：
例37：he announced to us the news and then said to us, “now let me explain to you in details.”
（他向我們宣布了這個(gè)消息，然后對(duì)我們說(shuō)：“現(xiàn)在讓我詳細(xì)給你們解釋吧。”）
declare：宣布，聲明。指以正式的話語(yǔ)公開(kāi)宣布某件事。例如：
例38：the chairman declared the exhibition open. （主席宣布展覽會(huì)開(kāi)幕。）
7.answer / reply
answer：回答，回應(yīng)。例如：
例39：“tom!” no one answered.
例40：please answer the door-bell. （請(qǐng)去開(kāi)門(mén)。）
例41：he answered that he knew nothing about it.
例42：no one was able to answer him a word.
reply：回答，答復(fù)。作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后需接to再接賓語(yǔ)；作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后直接接that從句或what從句，或用于倒裝句。例如：
例43：he replied to me, “i need the answer to the exercise.”
例44：he replied that he would not go.
例45：not a word did she reply.（她一句話也不應(yīng)。）
answer當(dāng)名詞用時(shí)，與reply一樣，要接to。例如：
例46：he made no answer / reply to his questions.
8.appear / look / seem
appear：顯得，好像。有時(shí)含有表面上顯得，而事實(shí)未必的意味。例如：
例47：this kind of apples appears good, but in fact it tastes sour.
（這種蘋(píng)果看起來(lái)好，實(shí)際吃起來(lái)酸。）
seem：好像。暗示判斷有一定根據(jù)，往往接近事實(shí)。例如：
例48：you seem to have made the same mistake again this time.
（你這次似乎又犯了同樣的錯(cuò)誤。）
例49：it seems that it is going to rain soon.
look：好像。表示憑感覺(jué)作出的判斷。例如：
例50：what’s wrong with you? you look pale.
例51：it looks like rain. （看來(lái)要下雨了。）
9.argue / quarrel
argue：辯論，爭(zhēng)論。指提出理由或論據(jù)以支持或反駁某種意見(jiàn)或主張，著重說(shuō)理。如：
例52：what are you arguing about？
例53：i argued with him the whole day.