2018年高考英語復習筆記
once用作連詞,相當于from the moment that, when,意思是一旦,一……就……,引導時間(條件)狀語從句。注意:once引導的從句不能用將來時,而用一般現在時,例如:once you see the film, you will never forget it. 一旦你看了這部電影,你將永遠不會忘記。once 作副詞,解釋“從前;曾經”: he once lived in paris. 又:she went out shopping once a week.(一周一次)
follow one's instruction 按照某人教導。類似結構還有 follow one’s order、follow one’s advice等。follow 還有“跟隨”、“沿著”、“聽懂”之意:i followed him out. / follow this road until you get to the cinema. / do you follow what i’m saying?
unless = if… not,意思是“除非…,否則…”,但語氣要重一些。注意:在unless引導的從句里,動詞用一般現在時,不用一般將來時。如: i'll be back tomorrow unless there's a heavy snow. = i'll be back tomorrow if there isn't a heavy snow. 除非下大雪,否則我明天就回來。don't touch anything unless your teacher tells you to. 從句中to是不定式符號,后面省略了動詞touch,以避免不必要的重復。作為不定式的符號,to一般是不能省略的。例如:my parents wish me to study medicine in the future, but i don't want to. 我的父母希望我將來學醫,但我不想。★
what about…是用來征求對方意見的用語。它的后面可以跟名詞、代詞、動名詞、副詞,還可以跟狀語從句,可以用來詢問消息、提出建議或征求意見。如:what about a cup of coffee? 來杯咖啡怎么樣?(征詢意見) what about his family? 他的家庭情況怎么樣?(詢問消息) what about going to france this summer? 夏天到法國去怎么樣?(提出建議)
make sure 表示“確定、查明、確保”。后面常接賓語從句或of短語,但通常不接不定式。如:make sure (that) you get enough sleep. 你一定要有足夠的睡眠。we've made sure of our seats for the movie. 我們已經訂好電影院的座位了。接不定式用be sure:be sure to bring a dictionary with you tomorrow. ★
a way of sth./doing sth. 表示 “(做)某事的方式或方法”,如:he had a good way of working out the problem. 他用一種好辦法解出了這道題。i don't like his way of living. 我不喜歡他的生活方式。
make + sb./sth. + adj. 結構中,make 的意思是“使…,致使…”,后面形容詞作賓語補足語,用來修飾人或事物的性質或所處的狀態,所以 make one's classes lively and interesting意思就是“使某人的課生動有趣”。如: the smell of cooking makes me hungry. 燒菜的味道讓我感到肚子餓。 make+名詞+do,表示“讓某人做某事”,如: the teacher made her copy the whole text. 老師讓她抄寫整篇課文。注意:考試中經常會考到的是這個結構的被動語態,此結構變為被動語態時,不定式結構要帶to,那么上一句話就變為:she was made to copy the whole text. ★
fill 意思是“填滿,裝滿”,后面常接介詞 with,表示“用……裝滿”,如:fill the hole with sand.也可以用于被動結構中be filled with…, 即“被……裝滿”。如:she was filled with happiness when she heard the news. 她聽到這個消息的時候,心中充滿了欣喜。另外還有一個詞組是be full of, 也表示“裝滿了……”。如:the bottle is full of milk. 瓶子里裝滿了牛奶。★