2018年高考英語復習筆記
puzzle vt. 使…迷惑不解: this problem puzzled me very much 這道題真讓人不知道該怎么辦才好。puzzled & puzzling 分詞結構常作形容詞用。通常指人時，用過去分詞形式；而指物，表示“令人困惑的…”時，用的是現在分詞形式。如：i was puzzled by the puzzling question. 我被這令人困惑的問題弄得十分困惑。
2. the larger of the two islands is britain, which lies to the east of ireland. 兩個島嶼中較大的一個是不列顛，它位于愛爾蘭的東面。
英語中表示方位的介詞總共有三個：in; on；to。當我們強調兩地的接壤時，我們用介詞"on"。如：korea is on the east of china. 朝鮮接鄰于我國的東部。guangdong lies on the south of hunan. 廣東接鄰于湖南以南。（因為廣東是緊挨湖南省的，所以我們還是用介詞 "on"）介詞 to 表示范圍之外，不強調接壤，如：guangdong lies to the south of hunan. 廣東位于湖北以南。(因為它中間隔著湖南，只是說明一個方向問題)。介詞 in 表示范圍之內：france lies in western europe. 法國位于西歐。
3. scotland has many lakes and mountains, and is famous for its beautiful countryside. 蘇格蘭湖泊和山脈眾多，以美麗的鄉村而聞名。be famous for 著名的/有名的，如：china is famous for its long history. 中國以歷史悠久而聞名。注意對比： mr. wang is famous as a chinese teacher in our city. 王老師作為語文老師在我們市很有名。
4. there used to be a lot of coal mines in the south, but many of them have been closed, or are about to be closed. 南部過去曾有許多煤礦。但是其中許多已被關閉或者將要關閉。
“be about to ...”是一種將來時的表達方法。如：i was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我正要睡覺，電話鈴響了。注意：be about to 這個句型是不與表示將來的時間狀語連用的。如果你要表達“還有十分鐘我就要出門�！本驮撚胋e going to 表達：i am going to go out in 10 minutes.
5. london lies on the river thames and has a population of seven million. 倫敦毗鄰泰晤士河，有700萬人口。
介詞on有“位于…河畔”的意思。如：jingjiang lies on the yangtze river. 靖江位于長江之濱。my hometown lies on the shanghai-nanjing railway. 我家鄉位于滬寧鐵路線旁。
6. in the north, northern ireland, with its capital belfast, is part of the united kingdom. 北部的北愛爾蘭是聯合王國的一部分，其首府為貝爾法斯特。對比下一句中的with結構：the southern part of the island is a separate country, called the republic of ireland with dublin as its capital. 該島的南部是個獨立的國家，叫愛爾蘭共和國，以都柏林為其首都。又如：她有一只小狗，名字叫timmy。she has a little dog, with its name timmy. she has a little dog, with timmy as its name.
7. snow falls in scotland every winter. falls of snow in ireland are most unusual. 蘇格蘭每年冬天都下雪。愛爾蘭下雪極為罕見。