2018年高考英語重難點總結
富蘭克林對科學的貢獻不僅在靜電學方面,他的研究范圍及其廣泛。在數學方面,他創造了八次和十六次幻方,這兩種幻方性質特殊,變化復雜,至 今尚為學者稱道;在熱學中,他改良了取暖的爐子,可以節省四分之三燃料,被稱為“富蘭克林爐”;在光學方面,他發明了老年人用的雙焦距眼鏡,戴上這種眼鏡既可以看清近處的東西,也可以看清遠處的東西。他和劍橋大學的哈特萊共同利用醚的蒸發得到負二十五度(攝食)的低溫,創造了蒸發致冷的理論。此外,他對氣象、地質、聲學及海洋航行等方面都有研究,并取得了不少成就。
二、疑難詳解
1. in the 18th century, benjamin franklin cinducted a number of experiments in which he showed what electricity is.在18世紀,本杰明富蘭克林進行了許多次關于電的實驗。
[問]...in which he showed what electrivity is. in + which 引導定語從句,修飾先行詞experiments。 這里which不能由that替換。
(2)...what electricity is 賓語從句,做show的賓語。
(3)a number of...“許多,大量”,接可數名詞復數,謂語要用復數形式;the number of...“……的數量”謂語動詞應該用單數。
例如:a number of peasants are working inthe fields with the sun burning in the shy. 許多農民頂著烈日在地里耕作。
2. having realized that i could use a kite to aftract lightning. i decided to do an experiment. 當我意思到能用風箏來接收閃電后,我決定做個實驗。
[問]having realized that ... 在句子充當什么成分?
[答]having realized that ... 現在分詞短語做時間狀語。(=when i had realized that i could use a kite to attract lightning, ...)
3. most kites are made of paper, but a kite made of silk will last longer in weather with rain and strong winds. 大多數風箏是由紙做的,但用絲綢制的風箏在雨和大風的天氣中持續的時間會長一些。
[問]made of silk 在句中作何成分?be made of 與be made from 有何區別?
[答] made of silk 過去粉刺短語所定語,修飾a kite, he made of...由……構成(看得出原材料);be made from 由……構成(看不出原材料)。
4. the pieces should be just long enough to reach the comers of the handkerchief.那木頭片的長度應該達到手帕的四個角。
[問]enough在句中如何用?reach是什么意思?
[答](1)enough to ..." 足夠……的”, enough修飾形容詞時應放在形容詞之后。例如:kind enough 足夠善良的;careful enough足夠仔細的。
(2)reach v. & n. 達到;夠得著。例如:out of reach夠不著。
5. add a tail to the frame and tie a long string to the cross so you can control the kite.在架子上加一個把柄,在十字架上栓一根長細繩以便你能夠控制那風箏。
[問]add...to...是什么意思?
[答]add...to...把……加到……。
例如:please add an article to the sentence, then it is correct now .請在這個句子中加上一個定冠詞,然后它就對了。
6. this ribbon, which must not get wet, will protect you from the electricity.這根絲帶一定不能變濕,它是用來保護你不被觸電的。