2018年高考英語(yǔ)重難點(diǎn)總結(jié)
[問]句中的further作何理解?它與farther有何區(qū)別?
[答]further在此用作副詞,修飾介詞短語(yǔ) in the south, 表示“遠(yuǎn)在南方,深入南方內(nèi)地”, 又如:
can you walk further into the forest? 你能再往森林深處走走嗎?
farther 和further都是far 的比較級(jí),可用作形容詞或副詞,都可以指空間或時(shí)間上的距離,意為”更遠(yuǎn)的(地)”, 但farther比f(wàn)urther更普遍些,如:
on the farther/further side of the street there was a large shop
在街道的那一頭有一家商店。
further還可以用于抽象意義,表示“進(jìn)一步”,這時(shí)不能用farther, 如:
they want to get further information. 他們想得到進(jìn)一步的信息。
4. the north island is famous for an area of hot springs, some of which throw hot water high into the air.北島以溫泉而著稱,有些溫泉將熱水噴射到很高的空中。
[問]句中的some of which 是什么結(jié)構(gòu)?
[答]some of which 是“代詞(或名詞)+介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞”在句中引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí),關(guān)系嗲次用whom, 當(dāng)先行詞為物時(shí), 關(guān)系代詞用which,注意介詞后不能用that。又如:
here are a lot of stones, must of which will be used to build a bridge. 這兒有許多石頭,其中多數(shù)將用來建橋。
there are about 100 teachers in our school, many of whom are women. 我們學(xué)校約有100名教師,其中許多是婦女。
5. some of these heat near the earth's surface is used to make electricity. 接近地球表面的有些熱能被用來發(fā)電。
[問]be used to do sth. 和be used to doing sth 有什么區(qū)別?
[答]be used to do sth 意為“……被用來做某事”, 其中to do sth. 是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),如:
this piece of wood is used to keep rain water. 這塊木版是用來?yè)跤晁摹?br>grass can be used to make paper. 草可以用來造紙。
而be used to doing sth. 是“習(xí)慣于……”的意思,其中to 是介詞,后接名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式,它是個(gè)表示狀態(tài)的詞組,若要表示由不習(xí)慣到習(xí)慣這一變化的動(dòng)作,則換為get/become used to。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。例如:
soon you will get/become used to living in the countrey. 很快你就會(huì)習(xí)慣于鄉(xiāng)村生活了。
i was not used to being called a lazy fellow. 我原來不習(xí)慣于人家稱我為懶漢。
另外還要注意:在used to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)中, used to 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示過去常常做某事,側(cè)重于和現(xiàn)在對(duì)照,意思是“過去常常……(但現(xiàn)在不)”,可以談動(dòng)作,也可以談狀態(tài)。例如:
they used to mod to each other when they met. 他們過去遇到時(shí),總是彼此點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭。
因此,不要將實(shí)義動(dòng)詞use與used to 及be used to 混淆。試比較:
coal is used to cook food. 煤用來生火做飯。 (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,不定式為目的狀語(yǔ))
she is used to cooking food with coal. 她習(xí)慣于用煤生火做飯。
she used to cook food with coal. 她過去總是用煤生火做飯。
6. when they discovered it about 1000 years ago, they called it ao-tea-roa, which means "land of the long white cloud". 大約1000 年前他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這里時(shí), 他們稱這里為ao-tea-roa, 意思 “長(zhǎng)白山之鄉(xiāng)”。