2018年高考英語重難點總結
[問]which must not get wet 作何成分, protect...from...是什么意思?
[答](1)...which must not get wet ,非限制性定語從句做定語,修飾this ribbon.
(2)protect ... from... “保護……免受……”,相當于prevent ... from ...;stop ...from...;keep ...from。
例如:we should prevent our environment from being polluted. 我們應該保護我們的環(huán)境免受污染。
7. around the world, animals are used to test produce such as shampoo, skin creams and new cancer drugs. 在全世界,動物們被用來測試如洗發(fā)水,皮膚霜以及新的治癌藥等產(chǎn)品。
[問]be used to do ..., be used to doing ... 和used to do 有何區(qū)別?
[答]be used to do ... 被用來做什么......
be used to doing ... 習慣于做……
used to do ...過去常常做……
8. they also believe that it is possible to use much fewer animals.
他們還相信用更少的動物測試是可能的。
[問]it is possible to do ...做……是可能的;
it is + adj. +to do ... it 是形式主語,真正的主語是動詞不定式短語to do...
例如:it is difficult to learn two foreigh languages. 學會兩門外語是困難的。
it is impossible to walk on the moon. 在月球上行走是不可能的。
二、本單元高考熱點歸納與拓展
本單元重點語法是定語從句;分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)的用法以及it做形式主語的用法。
[經(jīng)典解析]
例:1. do you know the boy_____under the big tree? (1989年全國高考題)
a. lay b.lain c.laying d.lying
解析:答案為d。現(xiàn)在分詞短語 lying under the big tree“正躺在大樹下”做定語,修飾 boy。用“躺”的現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動”和“進行”的概念。注意記準:放、下蛋:lay—laid—laid—laying;躺:lie—lay—lain—lying;說謊:lie—lied—lied—lying。
例:2、 is_____necessary to complete the design before national day? (1989年全國高考題)
a. this b. that c. it d. he
簡析:答案為c。這里要填的是形式主語。只有it才能做形式主語或形式賓語。真正的主語是不定式“to com-
plete the design...”。
例:3.most of the artists_____to the party were from south africa. (1990年全國高考題)
a. invited b. to invite c. being invited d.had been invited
簡析:答案為a。主語與謂語之間“were”的部分是主語的定語。如果是從句做主語,應為“who had been invited”,還缺充當從句主語的關系詞 who,故不選d。“邀請”和“藝術家”的關系應為被動的,排除b。“邀請”應先于謂語動詞,所以用過去分詞,選a。而c是現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式,表示“正在”,而謂語動詞“同時”或與說話時“同時”,明顯是錯誤的。