高二英語上冊專題輔導
architecture.
過去的每一種偉大的文化或每一個不同的時期都把
它自己的美學思想表現(xiàn)在藝術和建筑方面。
該句使用了have sth. done結構，其中過去分詞在句
中作賓語補足語，表示被動的含義。have sth. done
可表示三種意思：
(1)“讓某人去做某事”，此時have有“請，讓”的意思
i had my hair cut only yesterday.
我昨天才理了發(fā)。(請人理發(fā))
(2)“完成某事”。此時的have不含“請，讓”的意思。
只強調(diào)“事情的完成”，不論是誰去完成，有可能是句
子主語，也可能是他人來完成。
i must have my homework finished before going out to
play.
在出去玩之前，我必須把作業(yè)做完。
i have your medicine prepared now.
我已經(jīng)把你的藥準備好了。
(3)“遭受某種情況”，往往是遭受不幸的事情。
he had his left leg injured in the accident.
他的左腿在事故中受傷了。
4. seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered
by a gray net of steel, and it looks just like a bird's
nest made of tree branches.
從頂部看，體育館好像是覆蓋著一張灰色的鋼網(wǎng)，就
像一個用樹枝做成的鳥巢。
(1) 句中分別使用了過去分詞 seen from...，made of
作狀語和定語，表示被動邏輯關系。
newly painted this morning, the house looks beautiful.
(狀語)
今天上午剛油漆的，這房子顯得漂亮。
what do youthink of the housemade of wood? (定語)
你覺得這棟木結構的房子如何?
(2) 句中也分別出現(xiàn)了look as if...，look like，意思相
近，但后面分別接從句和名詞。
the building looks as if it is a round tower.
= the building looks like a round tower.
這座建筑看起來就像一座圓形的塔。
注：as if 后面可接虛擬語氣，如：
dressed in red, the woman looks as if she were ten
years youngerthan she is.
這位婦女穿紅色衣服顯得比實際年齡年輕了十歲。
5. a is to b what c is to b.
該句型的意思為“a 對于 b 就像 c 對于 d 一樣(需
要)”，或“a 和 b 的關系就像 c 和 d 的關系” what引
導表語從句。
water is to a fish what air is to a human being.
水對于魚就像空氣對人一樣重要。
6. besides, no matter how well a poem is translated,
something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
另外，一首詩盡管譯得再好，都有可能喪失其原文
的部分精華。
no matter how = however引導讓步狀語從句，意為
“無論怎樣”。
if we work with a strong will, we can overcome any
difficulty, no matter how (= however) great it is.
注：however 也可以作副詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“然而”。
he promised to come. however, he changed his mind
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