備戰(zhàn)2020中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)資料
cost
［誤］ i cost ten dollars for the book.
［正］ i spent ten dollars on the book.
［誤］ i cost two hours to do my homework.
［正］ it took me two hours to do my homework.
［析］ cost, spend. take都可以作"花費"講，但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+時間或金錢"，如：the book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+時間+(in)doing something"，如：i spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金錢+on something"，如：i spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法則要用邏輯主語it:"it+takes+somebody+時間+to do something", 如：it took me an hour to clean the classroom.
country
［誤］ you can find cows in a country.
［正］ you can find cows in the country.
［析］ country即可作"國家"講，也可作"農(nóng)村"講。當作"農(nóng)村"講時，一定要加定冠詞，而且只有單數(shù)形式。例如：
［誤］ farmers live in the countries.
［正］ farmers live in the country.
［析］ 但作為"國家"講時則可有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：japan is an asian country. japan, china, and india are asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的國家，如：new zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族組成的國家，如：the chinese nation(中華民族)。state多側(cè)重于政權(quán)方面的區(qū)域、國家范圍，如：the state farm(國營農(nóng)場)。
cross
［誤］ there are traffic lights at the cross.
［正］ there are traffic lights at the crossing.
［析］ cross作為名詞講時是十字架、十字形的東西，如：red cross(紅十字會)。
［誤］ the little boy is going to across the street.
［正］ the little boy is going to cross the street.
［析］ across是副詞或介詞，但不能作動詞用。
cross pass
cross是指橫過某地，如：he crossed the square. 而pass則強調(diào)從某物體旁經(jīng)過，如：i mailed some letters when i passed the post office.
crowd
［誤］ the room soon was crowded by people.
［正］ the room soon was crowded with people.
［析］ crowded在這句話中應(yīng)作為形容詞，所以這句話不是被動語態(tài)而是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如：the room was crowded with books.
cup
［誤］ a silver glass was given to the winner.
［正］ a silver cup was given to the winner.
［誤］ my mother was looking for the whisky cup.
［正］ my mother was looking for the whisky glass.
［析］ glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金屬制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在獎杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我們講i drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不講i drink a cup of wine at supper.
d
dance
［誤］ we'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.
［正］ we'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.
［正］ we'll invite you and your wife to a dance.
［正］ we'll invite you and your wife to a ball.(美語中常用ball作為舞會。)
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