備戰(zhàn)2020中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)資料
fire
［誤］ there's no smoke without a fire.
［正］ there's no smoke without fire.
［析］ 此句應(yīng)譯為中文"無風(fēng)不起浪"。fire作為物質(zhì)名詞"火"講時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，而作為"爐火"、"火災(zāi)"講則是可數(shù)名詞，如：there was a fire in the next street last month. 如要講"著火了"要用be on fire, 如：the factory was
on fire.
［誤］ the man fired to us.
［正］ the man fired at us.
［析］ fire (on) at均指"向某目標(biāo)開火"，at用于較小目標(biāo)，而on用于較大目標(biāo)。
first
［誤］ is this your firstly visit to beijing?
［正］ is this your first visit to beijing?
［析］ 除了在強(qiáng)調(diào)第一、第二、第三等場合中有時(shí)還可見firstly一詞外，這個(gè)詞已不多見，而均被first取代。first還有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。
follow
［誤］ i received a letter which ran as follow.
［正］ i received a letter which ran as follows.
［析］ as follows是慣用法，其意為"如下"，不論在任何場合均要用follows.
［誤］ as follows are his arguments.
［正］ the following are his arguments.
［析］ as follows主要用于句尾，而the following則用于句首。
food
［誤］ too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
［正］ too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
［析］ food泛指食物時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，如：there is no food for supper. 而指一種種食物時(shí)則用作可數(shù)名詞。
foot
［誤］ there is a fivefeetwide bridge.
［正］ there is a fivefootwide bridge.
［析］ 用連字符組成的形容詞中所有名詞均要用單數(shù)形式。
［誤］ we went to college on feet.
［正］ we went to college on foot.
［析］ by后面加接交通工具時(shí)，不應(yīng)加任何冠詞，不要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如加了某些修飾詞后，其前面的介詞要作適當(dāng)?shù)母淖儯纾篿 came to school in his car yesterday. i go to shool on a train.
for
［誤］ i wanted to go to the pub for having a drink.
［正］ i wanted to go to the pub for a drink.
［正］ i wanted to go to the pub to have a drink.
［析］ 用for表示目的時(shí)，其后面只能接名詞，而不要接動(dòng)名詞。
［誤］ i went to the office for seeing the headmaster.
［正］ i went to the office to see the headmaster.
［析］ 用不定式來表示動(dòng)作的目的。
［誤］ i will leave beijing to shanghai.
［正］ i will leave beijing for shanghai.
［正］ i will leave for shanghai.
［析］ leave for為一固定搭配，不要改動(dòng)。
［誤］ i bought a book to you.
［正］ i bought a book for you.
［誤］ he is a friend for us.
［正］ he is a friend to us.
［析］ 在英文中"為"一詞在泛指時(shí)用to, 在特指時(shí)要用for.
［誤］ this food is good to us.
［正］ this food is good for us.
［析］ 詞組be good (bad) for 表示"對(duì)……有好(壞)處"。
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