備戰(zhàn)2020中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)資料
50 fifty fiftieth 50th
60 sixty sixtieth 60th
70 seventy seventieth 70th
80 eighty eightieth 80th
90 ninety ninetieth 90th
100 a(one)hundred hundredth 100th
104 one hundred and four hundred and fourth 104th
1000 a(one) thounsand thounsandth 1000th
10000 ten thounsand ten thounsandth 10000th
1000000 one million millionth 1000000th
基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞都有一定的構(gòu)成方法,但都有特殊例外的幾個字,所以除了要學(xué)會一般構(gòu)成法之外,還要特別記熟一些例外。因它們在考試中出現(xiàn)的頻率很高。
1 基數(shù)詞構(gòu)成結(jié)構(gòu)
21~99的兩位數(shù)字,在10位和個位之間加連字符構(gòu)成,如89-eighty-nine.101~999的三位數(shù)字,由hundred 加and 再加二位數(shù)或未位數(shù)字,如: 101-one hundred and one, 223-two hundred and twenty-three.四位以上數(shù)字,應(yīng)從個位起向前數(shù)三位加逗號,讀作thousand,再數(shù)三位加第二個逗號,讀作million,再數(shù)三位加逗號,讀作billion,其讀法如下:
1001-one thousand and one5386-five thousand, three hundred and eighty-six要注意的是hundred, thousand, million與billion的用法。①前面有別的基數(shù)詞時,即若干個百、千、百萬、十億時,其本身都不要加s,如:three hundred students。 ② 若表示成百,成千或數(shù)百,數(shù)千時,前面不能有基數(shù)詞,但其本身要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,然后+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)。如:thousands and thousands of。 (成千上萬)
2 序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成法
序數(shù)詞除first, second, third 以外,其余一般在詞尾加th構(gòu)成,除一般略有差異的各別數(shù)詞外,很容易掌握。其二位數(shù)或多位數(shù)只將后面的個位數(shù)字改為序數(shù)詞,其前面各位數(shù)字均不改變,都用基數(shù)詞。
3 其他數(shù)字表示法
小數(shù)的小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作point,零讀作o[u]或zero,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后面的數(shù)字按個位基數(shù)詞依次讀出。分?jǐn)?shù)分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子大于1時,分?jǐn)?shù)要在序數(shù)詞上加s,但1/2用one half, 1 4 用a quarter. 1 3 讀作one third而 2 3 讀作two thirds。百分?jǐn)?shù)(%),讀作per cent (percent),但不論是多少均用作單數(shù)形式不能加s。表示日期有兩種說法和四種寫法,如:2月1號英語表達(dá)法為:the first of february而美語為february (the) first,但其書寫上可有四種寫法① february 1 ② february 1st ③ 1st february ④ 1/2。倍數(shù)的講法有所不同。兩倍用twice,而三倍以上用序數(shù)詞加times,如:he has three times as many books as i have.
(二) 正誤辨析
[誤] 1107 should be read as a thousand a hundred as seven.
[正] 1107 should be read as one thousand one hundred and seven.
[析] 在讀數(shù)字時,如:and前只有百或千時,用one hundred/ one thousand 還是a hundred /a thousand全是可以的。但如果文有百又有千時,則只能用one不要用a。 如果沒有and時,如:1100也只能讀作one thousand one hundred 或eleven hundred.
[誤] i drove about half mile.
[正] i drove about half a mile.
[析] 半小時為half an hour, 半天為half a day, 半鎊為half a pound, 盡量避免用half a year, half a month, 要用six months, two weeks 或 fifteen days 要注意的是half of the work is done half of the books are sold. 當(dāng)half 作名詞時,其謂語動詞要看of后面的名詞而定。如名詞是不可數(shù)名詞則用單數(shù)謂語動詞,如是復(fù)數(shù)名詞時,則要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。要注意的是一個半的表達(dá)法,如:one and a half apples is left on the table.其名詞要用復(fù)數(shù),但謂語動詞則要用單數(shù)。