備戰2020中考英語總復習資料

①　在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語，如： i knew the man, 而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語，如： i knew that he was a good man�� 這時賓語從句的連接詞有 that, (that 只在從句中起聯接作用，不在句中充當語法成分，既不是主語也不是賓語，所以在口語中常常被省略。如： i am sure (that) she has passed the exam��
②if, whether 它們在賓語從句中只起連接作用，不起語法作用，當作是否講。從句中有 or not 結構時，要用 whether, 如： i ask him if (whether) he has had his lunch�� i asks him whether he has had his lunch or not�� 　
③　what 它在賓語從句中除了作連接詞外，還要作主語或賓語成份，如： i don't understand what you said�� (what 作 said 的賓語)。又如： i asked him what made him sick (what 在賓語從句中作主語)。
④　who，它也和what一樣，在句中除作連接詞外，可以充當句中的成份，如：i know who she is looking for?
⑤　whose 如： i want to know whose book this is?
⑥　which 如： do you know which book is mine?��
在連接詞中還有4個常用的連接副詞，①　how 它的應用最廣，如： how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如： how much does it cost? ②　when 它只是連接時間狀語，如： please tell me when the meeting will begin? ③　where 它連接地點狀語，如： where are you from? ④　why 它要連接的是原因狀語從句，如： the teacher asked why tom didn't come to school.
在考試中常見到的考點是：�ベe語從句的時態與主句時態的呼應問題。①　主句謂語動詞如果是現在時或將來時，賓語從句的時態可以是任何所需要的時態， 如： i know he didn't come. 我知道他沒來。 i know he will come tomorrow�� 我知道他明天來。i know he has gone to london�� 我知道他已去倫敦了。　②　主句中的謂語動詞若是過去時，賓語從句也要用過去時態中的某一種。比如： 一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時。除了在表達宇宙中的客觀真理時，不能用現在時態。如： i wanted to know when he would come�� the teacher told me the earth moves around the sun�豹�狀語從句主要有時間狀語從句，其連接詞有：after， before， when， as， as soon as， until (till)， while， since， by�逼渲休^難掌握的有以下幾點：�ア佟�until (till) 直到，在用 until 表達時間狀語的句子中，主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞是持續性動詞，它要用肯定句，如： i studied hard until 12 o'clock last night. 如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞，則要用否定句，如： he didn't go to bed until his mother came back�� ��②　由�猻ince， for， by， before 來引導的時間狀語從句。 since 引導的時間狀語是動作的開始時間，如： i have studied english since 1990�� 而由 by 引導的時間狀語通常是動作的結束時間，如： i had learned 25 english songs by the end of last term�� 而before 則多用于完成時， ago 則多用于一般過去時，如： he had finished his work before twelve yesterday�� i left my hometown two years ago�� ③　在狀語從句中用一般現在時或一般過去時表示將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時，如： if it rains, they won't go to the park　on sunday�� 也可以主句是一般過去時，從句用一般過去進行時，如： he said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park�� 考試中常見的考點有：要學生區別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句，因在賓語從句中該用什么時態用什么時態，如： i want to know if he will come here tomorrow�� 在賓語從句中的條件狀語從句與主句的關系，如： i want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow�豹ピ谠�因狀語從句中主要是①　because， 應譯為"因為"。它表達的因果關系最強，如： he didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard�� ②　since 應譯為"既然"，如： since you were ill yesterday�� i left some notes on your desk�� ③　as 應譯為"由于"，如： as it is too hot we'd better go swimming�� since 與 as 所表達的因果關系遠比 because 弱得多。而 for 表達的因果關系最弱。它不能用于句首，如： he studies hard, for he wants to go to college�豹ピ诒容^狀語從句中有同級比較 as … as， 如： this book is as good as that one�� 要注意的有兩點：①　as … as 中間要用原級而不是比較級。②　用形容詞還是副詞，如： mary writes as carefully as tom�� 而其否定句為 not as (so) … as， 如： they didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同級比較用比較級加 than, 如： he is younger than i am�� 要注意的是表示"越來越"這一概念時有兩個句型：①　比較級＋and＋比較級，如： the days are getting longer and longer�� the little girl is becoming more and more beautiful�� ②　定冠詞 the ＋ 比較級＋ the ＋ 比較級，如： the harder you study, the more you can learn�豹シ绞綘钫Z中要注意的是as (連詞)與 like (介詞)的區別。 as 作為連詞其后接從句，如： please do it as i did it�� 但后面的句子常作省略，如： please do it as i�� 而 like 是介詞，其后要接的是賓語，如： please do it like me�豹ソY果和目的狀語從句主要有 so … that， so that， in order that等幾種用法。①　so … that�び迷趩螖悼蓴得�詞前，so ＋ 形容詞 ＋ a ＋ 名詞 ＋ that，如： she is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her�� 或用 such ＋ a ＋ 形容詞 ＋ 名詞 ＋ that, 如： she is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her�� ②　在不可數名詞或可數名詞復數前只能用 such， 如： it is such good weather we want to go for a picnic�� 又如： they are such good players that they should win the game.　③　在much， many， few， little 之前只能用so， 如： i have so little money that i can't buy it�� ④　so … that 之間只有形容詞時，則不能用 such， 如： it is so good that i want to buy�� ⑤　so that 其后接從句，如： i got up earlier so that i could catch the first bus�豹オ�