備戰2020中考英語總復習資料
most
［誤］ most of students are good at english.
［正］ most of the students are good at english.
［正］ most students are good at english.
［析］ most of這一結構后面的名詞前一定要有一個限定詞。
［誤］ my friends are most teachers.
［正］ my friends are mostly teachers.
［析］ mostly意為"大部分的"，"主要的"。
much
［誤］ the boy was asleep very much.
［正］ the boy was fast asleep.
［析］ 不是所有的形容詞都可以用very來修飾，如fast asleep意為"熟睡"，則是固定搭配。像interesting, exciting, surprising這些形容詞化的現在分詞，以及tired, interested這些形容詞化的過去分詞則要用very來修飾。
must
［誤］ he must be in the office, and mustn't go home.
［正］ he must be in the office, and can't go home.
［析］ must加動詞原形為對事情的肯定推測，而否定的推測則要用can't加動詞原形。
［誤］ it must have rained now.
［正］ it must have rained yesterday.
［析］ "must+have+過去分詞"為對過去發生事情的推測。這句話應譯為"昨天一定是下雨了。"又如： i must go and call him. he must have forgotten it.
must have to
must用來表示說話者覺得某件事有必要去做，如i must stop smoking. 其意為：我自己認為我要戒煙；而have to則多用來表達由于來自外界的因素而不得不去做的事，如： i have to go to school tomorrow.must無過去式，當用在講過去某件必須要做的事時要用had to, 如： when i was young, i had to go to the factory.在否定句中mustn't意為：一定不要做某事，如： you mustn't tell this to tom. 而haven't to則多意為沒有必要去做，如： you don't have to tell this to tom. 而英語中多用needn't 來取代haven't to.
myself
［誤］ i can't play pingpong myself.
［正］ i can't play pingpong by myself.
［析］ 第一句并無語法錯誤，myself為"我親自要去"，而by myself為"獨自一人"。這句話要表達的意思是"我一個人無法打乒乓球。"而i want to play pingpong myself. 應譯為"我自己想去打乒乓球。"
n
name
［誤］ she was named of a flower.
［正］ she was named after a flower.
［析］ 以……命名應為name after，又如給某人取名應為the father named his son tom.
near
［誤］ we came near to hit him.
［正］ we came near to hitting him.
［析］ 這句話應譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"near to這一用法中to為介詞，其后要接賓語，所以要接名詞或動名詞。near作介詞時其后可加to也可不加to，如： i sit near the door, i sit near to the fire.
by near
we lived near the city. 與we lived by the city. 兩句話都是對的，但其表達的意義有所不同，by在表達距離時比near更近，所以by the city是緊靠近某城市。
need
［誤］ this room needs to clean.
［正］ this room needs to be cleaned.
［正］ this room needs cleaning.
［析］ 在表達某事需要做什么時，need后面如用不定式要用其被動態，如接動名詞則要用主動態。
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