備戰2020中考英語總復習資料
[析] 先行詞與定語從句被逗號分割開來時,即作為非限制性定語從句。在非限制性定語從句中 which, when, who, whom, where, when, whose 等都可以和限制性定語從句中的作用一樣,而獨有 that 不易用于非限制性定語從句。
[誤] the dictionary which i lent it yesterday is a very useful tool
[正] the dictionary which i lent yesterday is a very useful tool
[析] 關系代詞在定語從句中是要起語法作用的,它不是作主語就是作賓語。雖然在作賓語時它的位置由原來的賓語位置移到了句首,但它的作用依然存在,而且在原賓語位置上不能再出現賓語。
[誤] the teacher i want to learn english from is the one which comes from america
[正] the teacher i want to learn english from is the one who comes from america
[析] the one, anyone, those 作代詞并且是指某人、物時,其關系代詞不能用 which 應用 who。
[誤] this is the room in that the old man lives
[正] this is the room in which the old man lives
[正] this is the room which the old man lives in
[正] this is the room that the old man lives in
[析] that 不能緊跟在介詞后作介詞賓語,但如果介詞不前置仍放于句尾,則可用 that 作引導詞,而且可以省略。如: this is the room the old man lives in
[誤] i can do everything which is good for you
[正] i can do everything that is good for you
[析] 在先行詞是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 等不定代詞時,雖然它們指的是物體,但不要用 which 而用 that 作定語從句的引導詞。
[誤] the only thing which the students can do is studying hard
[正] the only thing that the students can do is studying hard
[析] 在先行詞前有 only, any, few, little, no, all, one of 等詞修飾時,雖然先行詞指的是物,也不要用 which 作關系代詞,而要用 that。
[誤] this is the first american film which i've ever seen
[正] this is the first american film that i've ever seen
[析] 在先行詞是序數詞,或由序數詞修飾時,其關系代詞不可用 which 這樣的用法還有在形容詞最高級修飾的先行詞之后,如: this is the best book that i have ever seen
[誤] he is from africa, that we can see from the colour of the skin
[正] he is from africa, as we can see from the colour of the skin
[析] 當 as 或 which 引導非限制性定語從句時,它可能沒有明確的先行詞,它們所指代的是前面整個句子。如例題應譯為他是從非洲來這個事情是可以從其膚色上看出的。
第三篇、 常見習慣用語
(一) 知識概要
由于英語國家的語言習慣與中國的語言習慣有許多不同之處,所以造成了許多同學在做選擇或書寫,或與人交談中造成誤用中國方式來對英語的問句作解答。例如一個小女孩十分好看,可愛,外國人見到時會講: you are so beautiful 這時的答語應該是 thank you 如果外國人發現你的英語不錯,他們會講: your english is very good 這時中國人常常會說:不,我說的不好。這純是一種禮貌的答語,但是不符合英語習慣。它正確的答語應是 thank you 雖然交際英語有一些規律可講,但更重要的是學習外國的生活習慣,了解他們的文化背景,歷史淵源,這樣才能真正的學好一門外語。